National Leprosy Eradication Programme (NLEP) is a government-initiated program in India aimed at eliminating leprosy from the country

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 1. National Leprosy Eradication Programme:

The National Leprosy Eradication Programme (NLEP) is a government-initiated program in India aimed at eliminating leprosy from the country. Here are some key aspects of the program:

*Objectives:*

1. _Eliminate leprosy_: Reduce the prevalence of leprosy to less than 1 case per 10,000 population.

2. _Early detection and treatment_: Detect and treat leprosy cases early to prevent disability and transmission.

3. _Reduce stigma and discrimination_: Promote awareness and understanding of leprosy to reduce stigma and discrimination against affected individuals.

*Strategies:*

1. _Active case detection_: Conduct regular surveys and screenings to detect leprosy cases early.

2. _Multi-Drug Therapy (MDT)_: Provide free MDT to all leprosy patients, which has been shown to be highly effective in curing the disease.

3. _Disability prevention and management_: Provide rehabilitation services, including surgery, physiotherapy, and prosthetic devices, to prevent and manage disabilities.

4. _Health education and awareness_: Conduct awareness campaigns to educate the public about leprosy, its symptoms, and the importance of early detection and treatment.

*Achievements:*

1. _Reduced prevalence_: The prevalence of leprosy in India has decreased significantly, from 57.8 cases per 10,000 population in 1983 to less than 1 case per 10,000 population in 2019.

2. _Increased cure rate_: The cure rate for leprosy has improved significantly, with over 90% of patients being cured through MDT.

3. _Reduced stigma and discrimination_: Efforts to promote awareness and understanding of leprosy have helped reduce stigma and discrimination against affected individuals.

*Challenges:*

1. _Sustaining efforts_: Maintaining the momentum of leprosy elimination efforts is crucial to preventing a resurgence of the disease.

2. _Reaching marginalized populations_: Ensuring that leprosy services reach marginalized and hard-to-reach populations is essential for achieving universal coverage.

3. _Addressing stigma and discrimination_: Continued efforts are needed to address stigma and discrimination against people affected by leprosy.

Overall, the National Leprosy Eradication Programme has made significant progress in reducing the burden of leprosy in India. However, sustained efforts are needed to maintain the momentum and address the remaining challenges.

Leprosy 

National Leprosy Eradication Programme:

⚜️This project is in AD. It has been in operation since 1955. Originally announced as a leprosy control scheme. The scheme is run entirely with the financial assistance of the Central Government. 

  ⚜️The main objective of this program is to identify leprosy patients at an early stage and give them Tabzone tablets. 

⚜️Since 1983, this scheme has been functioning as a disease eradication scheme.

⚜️According to this the main task of the scheme is to detect one (a) in 1 lakh population at an early stage and give them Tabzone tablets.

⚜️Since 1983, this scheme has been functioning as a disease eradication scheme. Accordingly, reduction of one in 1 lakh population to below (a) one Its main objective is

2.. Principles of the Scheme:

⚜️ Early diagnosis of leprosy through field survey.

⚜️Providing short term combination drug treatment 

⚜️ Providing health education.

⚜️Treating wounds and deformities..

Policies and Schemes

National Health Programmes

Communicable diseases

National Leprosy Eradication Programme

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National Leprosy Eradication Programme

Central Leprosy Teaching & Research Institute (CLTRI) Chengalpattu (Tamil Nadu)

Regional Leprosy Training & Research Institue (RLT&RI) Raipur, Chhattisgarh

Regional Leprosy Training & Research Institute (RLT&RI) Aska, Odisha

Regional Leprosy Training & Research Institute (RLT&RI), Gouripur, Bankura (West Bengal):

Introduction:

The National Leprosy Eradication Programme is a centrally sponsored Health Scheme under the National Health Mission of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India. The Programme is headed by the Deputy Director of Health Services (Leprosy ) under the administrative control of the Directorate General Health Services, Govt. of India. While the NLEP strategies and plans are formulated centrally, the programme is implemented by the States/UTs. 

The major concern of the Programme is to detect cases of leprosy at an early stage and provide complete treatment, free of cost, in order to prevent occurrence of Grade II Disability (G2D) in affected persons.

India has achieved the elimination of leprosy as a public health problem as per WHO criteria of less than 1 case per 10,000 population at the National level in 2005. However, there are few districts within States where leprosy is still endemic. 

Recently, NLEP has introduced "National Strategic Plan (NSP) & Roadmap for Leprosy 2023-27", which will serve as a guiding document for accelerating and reaching towards the aim of "Interruption of leprosy transmission in India" by 2027.

Vision :

“Leprosy-free India” is the vision of the NLEP.

Objectives

The Government of India has launched National Strategic Plan (NSP) & Roadmap for Leprosy (2023-27) on 30th January, 2023, to achieve zero transmission of leprosy by 2027 i.e. three years ahead of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3.3.

The NSP and Roadmap contains implementation strategies, year-wise targets, public health approaches and overall technical guidance for the programme. The strategy and roadmap focuses on awareness for zero stigma & discrimination, promotion of early case detection, prevention of disease transmission by prophylaxis (Leprosy Post Exposure Prophylaxis) and roll out of web-based information portal (Nikusth 2.0) for reporting of leprosy cases.

Elimination of Leprosy i.e. Prevalence of less than 1 case per 10,000 population in all the blocks / districts of the State.

Early case detection without deformity.

Strengthen Disability Prevention & Medical (DPMR) of Persons affected by Leprosy.

Reduction in the level of Stigma associated with Leprosy. 

Strategies for Leprosy elimination in India

Strengthening of integration for leprosy services through General Health Care system.

Early detection & complete treatment of new leprosy cases.

Carrying out house hold contact survey for early detection of hidden cases like FLC, ACD & RS.

Involvement of Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) in the Leprosy suspects,follow-up &supervision for completion of treatment of Leprosy cases in time.

Strengthening of Disability Prevention & Medical Rehabilitation (DPMR) services.

Information, Education & Communication (IEC) & IPC activities in the community to improve self-reporting to Primary Health Centre (PHC) and reduction of stigma.

Intensive monitoring and supervision at all levels. 

Milestones in NLEP

1955 - National Leprosy Control Programme (NLCP) launched

1983 - National Leprosy Eradication Programme launched

1983 - Introduction of Multidrug therapy (MDT) in   Phases

2005 - Elimination of Leprosy at National Level

2012 - Special action plan for 209 high endemic  districts in 16 States/UTs

2014 - Upgraded Simplified Information system implementation

2016 - Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016

2017- 2019

Active Case Detections Campaigns (14 days) in high endemic districts

Focused Leprosy Campaign (FLC) in low endemic districts

ASHA Based Surveillance for Leprosy Suspects (ABSULS)

Grade II Disability Epidemiological Investigation

Implementation of Post Exposure Prophylaxis (administration of Single Dose of Rifampicin)

Sparsh Leprosy Awareness Campaigns

Introduction of NIKUSTH - A real time leprosy reporting software across India

2019

External Evaluation of NLEP by World Health Organisation

Convergence of leprosy screening with Comprehensive Primary Health Care programme of Ayushman Bharat, to screen 30+ years population at HWCs

Convergence of leprosy screening  with Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) to screen children (0-18 years) at Anganwadi Centers and Govt. schools

2020

Active Case Detection and Regular Surveillance (ACD&RS) guidelines rolled out.

Further, with a view to scale up the screening, leprosy has been converged under Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) and Rashtriya Kishore Swasthya Karyakram (RKSK) for screening of children (0-18 years). Besides, population based screening of women and men of age 30 years and above has been included in Comprehensive Primary Health Care under Ayushman Bharat at the Health and Wellness Centres.

2021-22

Prevalence rate has decreased to 0.41per 10,000 population in 2020-21.

Annual New Cases Detection Rate has declined to 4.58/100000 in 2020-21

Child cases percentage among new cases detected has reduced to 5.76 % in 2020-21.

Percentage of Grade 2 Disability among new cases detected has decreased to 2.48 % in 2020- 21.

The G2D amongst new cases per million population is decreased to 1.14 per million population in 2020-21.

2023-24

Revised classification of Leprosy & treatment regimen for PB & MB Cases in India as adopted by MoHFW, GOI is introduced by Central Leprosy Division on 17th January 2024 & shall be implemented in all States/UTs from 1st April 2025. This treatment Regimen for leprosy patients will  mark significant step forward in our collective efforts to eradicate leprosy in India by 2027.

25 Seconds AIR media plans for Leprosy campaign was rolled out in Coordination with Central bureau of Communication (CBC) in the

seven highly endemic states (Maharashtra, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha) from 16th February, 2024 to 9th March, 2024.

Implementation of tagging system for PVTGs within Nikusth 2.0 Portal for total of 17 states, as listed in Tribal Cell, which have been identified as having Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) within their states under PM-JANMAN.