National Intergrated Disease Surveillance Programme and National Safe Drinking water and Sanitation Programme

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1.National Intergrated Disease Surveillance Programme

The National Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) is a major initiative by the Government of India under the National Health Mission (NHM). Launched in November 2004, the program aims to strengthen and maintain a decentralized, laboratory-based IT-enabled disease surveillance system for epidemic-prone diseases. Here are some key aspects of the IDSP



Objectives

  1. Strengthening Surveillance: To monitor disease trends and detect and respond to outbreaks in their early stages through trained Rapid Response Teams (RRTs).

  2. Human Resource Development: Training State Surveillance Officers, District Surveillance Officers, RRTs, and other medical and paramedical staff on principles of disease surveillance.

  3. Use of ICT: Utilizing Information Communication Technology for the collection, collation, compilation, analysis, and dissemination of data.

  4. Public Health Laboratories: Strengthening public health laboratories to support disease surveillance.

  5. Inter-sectoral Coordination: Coordinating with various sectors for zoonotic diseases and other health threats.

Components

  1. Integration and Decentralization: Establishing surveillance units at the central, state, and district levels.

  2. Data Management: Collecting data on epidemic-prone diseases on a weekly basis using three reporting formats: "S" (suspected cases), "P" (presumptive cases), and "L" (laboratory confirmed cases).

  3. Outbreak Surveillance and Response: Investigating rising trends of illnesses through RRTs and taking necessary actions.

  4. Media Scanning and Verification: Detecting early warning signals through media scanning and verifying unusual health events.

Achievements

  • Weekly Reporting: About 96% of districts report weekly disease surveillance data.

  • Outbreak Response: On average, 30-35 outbreaks are reported weekly, with a total of 2679 outbreaks reported in 2016.

  • Media Scanning: The media scanning and verification cell receives an average of 2-3 media alerts daily.

The IDSP plays a crucial role in early detection and response to disease outbreaks, helping to protect public health in India.


2.National Safe Drinking water and Sanitation Programme

The National Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation Programme is a comprehensive initiative by the Government of India to ensure access to safe drinking water and sanitation facilities for all. Here are some key components of the program



Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM)

  1. Objective: To provide Functional Household Tap Connections (FHTC) to every rural household by 2024, ensuring safe and adequate drinking water through individual household tap connections.

  2. Focus: Emphasis on service delivery, sustainability, and community involvement.

Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM)

  1. Objective: To accelerate efforts to achieve universal sanitation coverage and eliminate open defecation.

  2. Components: Construction of household toilets, community toilets, and solid and liquid waste management.

National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP)

  1. Objective: To provide safe and adequate drinking water to rural areas.

  2. Components: Implementation of drinking water supply schemes, capacity building, and monitoring and evaluation.

Key Achievements

  • Jal Jeevan Mission: Significant progress in providing tap connections to rural households.

  • Swachh Bharat Mission: Major reduction in open defecation and improvement in sanitation facilities.

These programs are crucial for improving public health and ensuring a better quality of life for all citizens. 


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